A Shih Tzu is often recognized by its flowing, majestic double coat, lively personality, and royal demeanor. But what happens when a Shih Tzu is born without the long, silky coat it’s known for? That’s where the rare and fascinating Prapso Shih Tzu comes in — a naturally occurring variation that turns heads not with show-ring glamour, but with charm, ease of care, and undeniable uniqueness.
What is a Prapso Shih Tzu?
The term “Prapso” might sound unusual, but it’s simply a nickname among breeders and enthusiasts. A Prapso Shih Tzu is a purebred dog that exhibits a genetic variation leading to a short, smooth, and flat coat, particularly around the face and legs. Unlike the typical long-haired Shih Tzu, Prapsos lack the dense furnishings around the eyes, muzzle, and ears.
The word “Prapso” is thought to stem from the phrase “perhaps an Apso”, reflecting the confusion early on when these dogs appeared — many mistook them for Lhasa Apsos or Tibetan Spaniel mixes. But make no mistake: a Prapso is 100% Shih Tzu, just with a different expression of its genetic code.
The Unexpected Coat
The most obvious difference lies in the coat. Prapso Shih Tzus do not develop the traditional long double coat. Instead, they grow a single-layered, short coat that doesn’t require trimming or detangling. This isn’t due to poor grooming or health; it’s entirely genetic.
A typical Shih Tzu will begin to show signs of its long coat around 8 to 10 weeks of age. If a puppy doesn’t begin growing longer facial hair by this time, and instead keeps a sleeker appearance, it’s likely a Prapso. The difference becomes more pronounced as they age, especially when siblings in the same litter begin to show dramatic coat growth.
Understanding the Genetics
The prapso trait is believed to be recessive, meaning it can unexpectedly appear in litters even when both parents have long coats. While there is no definitive DNA test solely for identifying Prapso genetics, studies suggest the involvement of genes like FGF5 (associated with coat length), RSPO2 (furnishings on the face), and KRT71 (curliness or texture). When certain combinations align, they result in this smooth-coated appearance.
Importantly, this genetic variation has no known negative health effects. It’s purely cosmetic and doesn’t interfere with the dog’s wellbeing or abilities.
A Personality That Shines
One of the most endearing aspects of the Prapso Shih Tzu is that despite the coat difference, their personality remains fully Shih Tzu. These dogs are alert, loyal, affectionate, and often carry a playful and intelligent spark.
Interestingly, some breeders and owners report that Prapsos may reach milestones quicker than their littermates. For example, they often open their eyes earlier, grow teeth faster, and even begin walking or exploring sooner than expected. This could be coincidental, but it’s frequently noted by those familiar with the type.
Their demeanor is lively but not overly energetic. They thrive on human companionship and make excellent lap dogs, companions for children, or pets for seniors.
Grooming Simplicity
If you’ve ever been daunted by the grooming schedule of a standard Shih Tzu — daily brushing, detangling, frequent trims — a Prapso will come as a relief. Thanks to their shorter coat, Prapso Shih Tzus are significantly easier to groom.
Weekly brushing is often enough to keep their coat clean and healthy. Regular baths, nail trimming, and ear cleaning are still essential, but you won’t need to worry about matting or elaborate grooming routines. The absence of long facial hair also means fewer tear stains, and less debris collecting around the eyes or mouth.
This makes them an ideal choice for first-time dog owners or those with a busy lifestyle.
Health and Wellness
It’s natural to wonder if a coat variation might bring along health concerns, but rest assured — Prapso Shih Tzus are generally as healthy as any other Shih Tzu. The coat difference is superficial and not linked to structural or systemic issues.
That said, all Shih Tzus (including Prapsos) share some breed-specific health risks. These include:
Brachycephalic airway syndrome, due to their short noses
Eye conditions, such as dry eye or corneal ulcers
Dental overcrowding, typical of toy breeds
Luxating patellas, or kneecap dislocation
Routine veterinary care, a healthy diet, and regular dental hygiene go a long way in preventing these issues.
Compatibility with Families
A dog’s coat doesn’t determine its ability to love, and that’s where the Prapso Shih Tzu truly shines. They are loving, gentle, and adaptable, just like their long-haired cousins.
They get along well with children, are generally friendly with other pets, and do well in both apartments and houses. Their low grooming needs and even temperament make them suitable for families, retirees, or individuals living alone.
A Rare Find, Not a Flaw
Prapso Shih Tzus aren’t a result of irresponsible breeding. They occur naturally and unexpectedly — even in litters from show-quality parents. Because they don’t meet traditional show standards, some breeders consider them pet-quality only, but not of lesser value in companionship or quality of life.
In fact, some breeders now openly celebrate them for their ease of care and unique charm.
Show Limitations
While a Prapso is just as purebred as a standard Shih Tzu, it likely won’t qualify for traditional conformation dog shows. These events require adherence to a strict breed standard, which includes the long double coat and specific facial features.
However, that doesn’t stop them from excelling in obedience, therapy work, or agility events, where coat length isn’t a deciding factor. Their intelligence, trainability, and social nature make them excellent participants in non-conformation activities.
Common Myths
Let’s clear up a few common misconceptions:
“Prapso means mixed breed.” False. A Prapso is a pure Shih Tzu, born from Shih Tzu parents.
“They have health issues.” No. There’s no evidence linking the prapso trait to any disease or defect.
“They’re not valuable.” Prapsos are equally loving, intelligent, and loyal — often with the added benefit of low maintenance.
How to Identify a Prapso Early
If you’re buying or adopting a puppy and wondering if it might be a Prapso, look for these signs around 6 to 10 weeks old:
Lack of facial furnishings (no signs of mustache or beard)
Smooth, shiny coat with no undercoat fluffiness
Early eye-opening or faster physical development
However, only time can truly confirm whether a puppy will develop the typical Shih Tzu coat or retain the short one.
Things to Know Before Getting One
Before committing, here are some things to keep in mind:
Talk openly with breeders about the puppy’s coat traits
Ask to meet the parents, if possible
Understand that grooming needs will differ from standard Shih Tzus
Be open to a non-show dog that may still be your perfect companion
Conclusion
The Prapso Shih Tzu is not a flaw — it’s a celebration of natural variation. These dogs offer all the heart, joy, and companionship of the Shih Tzu breed in a package that’s a little more low-maintenance and a lot more unique.
If you’re looking for a charming, affectionate, and easy-care dog, the Prapso Shih Tzu might be just the rare gem you’ve been looking for. It’s a beautiful reminder that even within a single breed, there’s room for diversity — and that’s something to be celebrated.
Celebrate uniqueness—discover the charm of a Prapso Shih Tzu today.
